About Al Quran
Source (google.com.pk)
The compilation of the written Qur'an (as opposed to the recited Qur'an) spanned several decades and forms an important part of early Islamic history. Muslim accounts say it began in the year 610 when Gabriel (Arabic: جبريل, Jibrīl or جبرائيل, Jibrāʾīl) appeared to Muhammad in the cave Hira near Mecca, reciting to him the first verses of the Sura Iqra (al-`Alaq), thus beginning the revelation of the Qur'an. Throughout his life, Muhammad continued to have revelations until before his death in 632.[1] Muslim and non-Muslim scholars alike disagree on whether Muhammad compiled the Qur'an during his lifetime or if this task began with the first caliph Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (632-634). Once the Qur'an was compiled, due to the unanimity of the sources, Muslims agree that the Qur'an we see today was canonized by Uthman ibn Affan (653-656). Upon the canonization of the Qur'an, Uthman ordered the burning of all personal copies of the Qur'an. The reason why Uthman gave this order is discussed further in the section below entitled "The Collection of the Qur'an". The copy of quran kept with wife of Mohammad named Hafsa was accepted for public. Until then, several copies of Quran were available in different regions of Arabia with some grammatical errors, so Uthman's order allowed only one version of Quran to exist to prevent any misinterpretation of quranic text or word of God (Allah).
Even though Uthman canonized the written Qur'an during his reign in 653-656, small diacritical variations still remained in the written Qur'an, which can be seen in the early manuscripts of the Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasties.[2]
Due to varying historical documents, controversy is seen amongst some scholars as to whether the Uthmanic codex we have before us today is authentic and complete. Most Muslim scholars believe the Uthmanic Qur'an is what was revealed to Muhammad in its entirety, while some non- Muslim scholars believe verses were removed and other codices of the Qur'an are more absolute.[3] Nevertheless, even according to secular scholars what was done to the Qur'an in the process seems to have been extremely conservative and the content was formed in a mechanical fashion as to avoid redactional bias.
According to traditional Islamic beliefs, the Qur'anic revelation started one night during the month of Ramadan in 610 AD, when Muhammad, who was forty years old, received the first revelation from the angel Gabriel, who had given him the responsibility for inscribing these messages from God to give to mankind.[5]
Muslim scholars believe that prophet Muhammad was illiterate, as mentioned in the Qur'an itself,
"Those who follow the messenger, the Prophet who can neither read nor write, whom they will find described in the Torah and the Gospel (which are) with them......"Qur'an 7:157.
According to Bukhari, Aisha bint Abu Bakr (a wife of Muhammad) described that the first Qur'anic revelation occurred when the angel Gabriel visited Muhammad and asked him to recite. Muhammad responded ma aqra’u (I do not read). Gabriel pressed him “until all the strength went out of me; thereupon he released me and said: ‘Read!’” This was repeated three times and upon the third, Gabriel released him and said, “Read in the name of the Sustainer who created humankind from a clot! Read! And your Sustainer is the most Beautiful.”[6]:39–41 After this Muhammad continued sporadically over a period of twenty-three years to have revelations, until shortly before his death in 11/632.[6]:45
Muslims believe the angel brought the word of God to Muhammad verbatim, without any alteration or change. In the Qur'an, it is emphasized that Muhammad was required only to receive the sacred text and that he had no authority to change it (10.15). Even though Muhammad had no authority to change the Qur'an, he was active in the way that he received the revelations in full consciousness, witnessing in his heart the greatness of the presence of the voice of God. The impact of receiving these revelations are described below. It is also believed that God did not make himself known through the revelations; it was his will that was revealed. There is nothing in the Quran that suggests that Muhammad saw God during his revelations.[7]
For Muhammad, the revelations were real and he believed the context was objective, but he was only able to describe the experience through metaphorical terms.[8]
When asked about the experience of revelation Muhammad reported,
“sometimes it is revealed like the ringing of a bell. This form of inspiration is the hardest of them all and then it passes off after I have grasped what is inspired. Sometimes the Angel comes in the form of a man and talks to me and I grasp whatever he says.”[6]:43
At times, it has also been reported that the experience was painful and agonizing for Muhammad. For example, Muhammad had been heard saying, “Never once did I receive a revelation without thinking that my soul had been torn away from me.”[6]:43
After Muhammad would get revelations he would memorize the Qur'an by ear, and later recite it to his companions, who also memorized it or wrote it down. Before the Qur'an was commonly available in written form, speaking it from memory prevailed as the mode of teaching it to others. The practice of memorizing whole Qur'an is still practiced among Muslims. Millions of people exist all across the world who have memorized the entire Qur'an in its original Arabic. This fact, taken in the context of 7th-century Arabia, was not an extraordinary feat. People of that time had a penchant for recited poetry and had developed their skills in memorization to a remarkable degree. Events and competitions that featured the recitation of elaborate poetry were of great interest.[9]
People questioned the nature and modes of Muhammad’s revelations. The Meccans of the time of Muhammad judged the Qur'anic revelation based on their understanding of ‘inspiration’. For them, poetry was closely connected to inspiration from a higher spiritual source. For this reason when Muhammad began preaching and reciting the Quran, the Meccans accused him of being a poet.
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Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
Al Quran Quran Quotes Wallpaper free download Pak Cover Verses Book Sharif Images Photos
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